Curriculum design is a
specialized aspect of curriculum development dealing with the preparation of
curriculum plans and materials for use potentially by any students or teachers
of a given description. In most studies on teaching strategies for
curriculum-oriented moral education we found the following elements:
problem-based learning, working in groups, discussions, and using subject
topics incorporating moral issues, dilemmas and values. Frequently, a problem-based
instructional design is chosen. What has been learnt must be meaningful in the
context of students‘ personal objectives and they must be able to connect the
learning content with their prior knowledge. Many morals and values education
curricula have tended to change by accretion with units of the curriculum
centered around specific values or principles. In a situation where there is
obviously an overloading of the curriculum in schools, teachers find themselves
constantly trying to keep up with new knowledge or the reinterpretation of old
ones, and the even more difficult situation of trying to find connections
between seemingly separate and specialised bits and pieces of knowledge. The
design of the curriculum reflects the concepts outlined in the conceptual
framework and implications for the roles of schools, families, NGOs, and
teachers. It also attempts to respond to the concerns about the degree of
effectiveness of traditional approaches to the teaching of morals and values.
To do this effectively, there is a deliberate shift away in this document away
from the traditional approaches to the organisation of the curriculum.
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